Cardiac surgery, or cardiovascular surgery, is surgery on the heart or great vessels performed by cardiac surgeons. It is often used to treat complications of ischemic heart disease (for example, with coronary artery bypass grafting); to correct congenital heart disease; or to treat valvular heart disease from various causes, including endocarditis, rheumatic heart disease, and atherosclerosis. It also includes heart transplantation.
The heart is a muscular organ at the centre of the circulatory system that contracts and relaxes rhythmically to pump blood into different blood vessels, which carries it to the different parts of the body.
Types of Cardiac Surgery
- Open-heart surgery
- Modern beating-heart surgery
- Heart transplant
- Coronary artery bypass grafting
- Minimally invasive surgery
Open heart surgery is an operation to repair a fault or damage in the heart. The operation requires the surgeon to open the chest to access the heart. ... The coronary arteries supply the heart with blood. If the arteries become blocked or narrowed due to heart disease, a person may be at risk of a heart attack